根据一个国家境内民族语言群体数量的多少,可将世界诸国大致分为同质社会国家、二分/三分社会国家以及马赛克(或多民族)社会国家。这三类国家关注的语言政策问题主要有:选择和使用官方语言、制定国语规范、语言国际传播、正规教育体制中的语言教学、非正规教育体制中的语言教学、语言本体规划。本文旨在从国家民族构成的视角,提供一个分析国家语言政策的框架。 According to the number of national language groups in a country, the countries in the world can be roughly divided into homogeneous social countries, dichotomy / third social countries and mosaic (or multi-ethnic) social countries. The three types of countries concerned about the language policy issues are: the choice and use of official languages, the development of language norms, the international communication of languages, formal education system of language teaching, non-formal education system of language teaching, language ontology planning. The purpose of this article is to provide a framework for analyzing the national language policy from the perspective of the nation’s composition.