论文部分内容阅读
马克思主义认识论以前的哲学家们,大都把认识的结构看作是主、客体直接对峙的二项式结构。唯心主义是从主体到客体,旧唯物主义是从客体到主体。马克思主义认识论指明,认识活动由主体、客体和实践三要素所构成。在这种三项式结构中主体是活生生的、有血有肉的、社会化了的人;客体是由于主体的能动地实践活动而获得对象性的客观事物;实践是联系主体与客体的中介和桥梁。在认识的三项式结构中,认识不仅是一个不断发展、深化的辩证过程,而且是客体主体化、主体客体化的双向建构过程。
The former philosophers of Marxist epistemology mostly regarded the structure of cognition as the binomial structure of the direct confrontation between the subject and the object. Idealism is from the subject to the object, while the old materialism is from the object to the subject. Marxist epistemology indicates that cognitive activity consists of the three elements of subject, object and practice. In this trinomial structure, the subject is a living, flesh-and-socialized person. The object is an objective thing obtained by the subject’s active practice of activity, and the practice is the intermediary and bridge connecting the subject with the object. In the understanding of the trimetric structure, cognition is not only a dialectical process of continuous development and deepening, but also a two-way construction process of the subjectivity of the object and the objectification of the subject.