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目的 探讨狂犬病暴露后免疫失败的原因及采取的对策。方法 对狂犬疫苗免疫失败的狂犬病26 例的临床资料进行回顾性调查分析。结果 动物严重咬伤10例,轻度咬伤16例;上臂三角肌注射10例,臀部注射 16例,其中延迟注射5例;疫苗来源于正规医院或防疫站12例,私人诊所14例;疫苗联合抗狂犬病血清使用2例。 结论 创面严格消毒,及时、高质量疫苗全程免疫及联合抗狂犬病血清使用,可减低免疫失败。
Objective To investigate the causes of immunological failure after rabies exposure and the countermeasures. Methods The clinical data of 26 rabies rabies immunized rabies vaccines were retrospectively analyzed. Results The animals were seriously bitten in 10 cases and mild bit occurred in 16 cases. The upper extremity deltoid was injected in 10 cases and the buttocks in injection in 16 cases, of which delayed injection was in 5 cases. The vaccine came from 12 regular hospitals or epidemic prevention stations and 14 in private clinics. Combined anti-rabies serum used in 2 cases. Conclusions Strict disinfection of the wound, timely and high-quality whole vaccine and anti-rabies serum can reduce the immune failure.