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支气管哮喘(哮喘)是常见的慢性呼吸道炎性疾病,其患病率在全球范围内有逐年增加的趋势。目前公认哮喘是一种受遗传因素和环境因素双重影响的多基因遗传病,近年发现某些细胞因子的遗传多态性与哮喘的发病存在一定的相关性。IL-13是一种典型的Th2细胞因子,可在效应阶段诱导出变应性哮喘的所有特征性症状。现发现与哮喘密切相关的IL-13基因位点约11个,其单核苷酸多态性与IL-13的表达、血清总免疫球蛋白水平及呼吸道高反应性密切相关。
Bronchial asthma (asthma) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract, the prevalence of which is increasing globally. It is recognized that asthma is a polygenic disease that is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, some genetic polymorphisms of cytokines have been found to be associated with the development of asthma. IL-13 is a classic Th2 cytokine that induces all the hallmarks of allergic asthma in the effector phase. It is found that there are about 11 IL-13 loci closely related to asthma. The single nucleotide polymorphisms are closely related to the expression of IL-13, total serum immunoglobulin and respiratory hyperresponsiveness.