大量研究证明 ,乳腺癌是一种有多种基因、发生畸变的复杂疾病 ,在乳腺肿瘤中已经发现了多种基因的变化 ,包括直接有助于一种或多种转化特征的特殊基因位点 ,以及导致基因不稳定性的其他变化。有多种变化已经与预后不良相联系 ,并且将这些改变结合成为综合的、多因素的预后模型 Numerous studies have demonstrated that breast cancer is a complex disease with multiple genes and distortions. A variety of gene changes have been found in breast tumors, including specific loci that directly contribute to one or more transformation characteristics. , as well as other changes that cause genetic instability. Multiple changes have been associated with poor prognosis and combined these changes into a comprehensive, multifactorial prognostic model