一、前言为了评价机车动力学性能及对线路的作用,新型机车在成批生产以前,须在线路运行条件下对机车进行动力学特性及对线路作用的试验。有时,机车在运用过程中产生剧烈振动,危及运行安全,也需要进行动力学试验,以便分析原因,研究改进措施。机车在轨道上运行时,即使在直线上运行,由于轨道在垂直方向和水平横向不平顺, I. INTRODUCTION In order to evaluate the dynamic performance of locomotives and their effect on the routes, new locomotives must be tested for dynamic characteristics of the locomotives and the effects on the lines under the condition of line operation before mass production. Occasionally, locomotives produce violent vibration during operation, endanger operational safety, and also need to carry out dynamic tests in order to analyze the causes and study improvement measures. Locomotive running on the track, even in a straight line, due to the vertical and horizontal track in the horizontal and not smooth,