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AIM:To investigate the association of hypertension and diabetes mellitus(DM)with interferon-associated retinopathy(IAR)risk in chronic hepatitis C(CHC).METHODS:Two investigators independently searched PubMed and Embase for eligible articles published prior to December 2013;additional studies were identified by reviewing the bibliographies.Only case-control or cohort studies that evaluated the association between hypertension and/or DM and IAR incidence in CHC patients were included.IAR was characterized by the presence of cotton-wool spots and/or retinal hemorrhage,and was defined as the primary efficacy measure.Pooled relative risks(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were estimated using data extracted from papers based on random-effects models.RESULTS:Eight eligible studies were included in the present meta-analysis.The outcomes showed that patients with CHC and hypertension were at higher risk of IAR(48/189 vs 96/455,RR=1.90;95%CI:1.15-3.15,P<0.05).Patients with DM receiving interferon(IFN)-based therapy for CHC infection may be at higher risk for IAR(18/72 vs 60/256,RR=1.56,95%CI:1.11-2.20,P<0.05);however,the outcome was not stable.There was no significant difference in IAR risk between genotype-1-infected patients and non-genotype-1-infected patients(RR=1.09,95%CI:0.64-1.87,P>0.05).Comparable incidences of IAR were also found between patients treated with pegylated interferon(PIFN)α-2a and those treated with PIFNα-2b(RR=0.84,95%CI:0.56-1.24,P>0.05)and between patients treated with IFNαand those treated with PIFNα(RR=1.04,95%CI:0.72-1.50,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Patients with hypertension have a higher risk of retinopathy when receiving IFN-based therapy for CHC.
To investigate the association of hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) with interferon-associated retinopathy (IAR) risk in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) .METHODS: Two investigators yet searched PubMed and Embase for eligible articles published prior to December 2013; additional studies were identified by reviewing the bibliographies .Only case-control or cohort studies that evaluated the association between hypertension and / or DM and IAR incidence in CHC patients were included. IAR was characterized by the presence of cotton-wool spots and / or retinal hemorrhage , and was defined as the primary efficacy measure. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using data extracted from papers based on random-effects models .RESULTS: Eight eligible studies were included in the present meta- analysis. These outcomes showed those patients with CHC and hypertension were at higher risk of IAR (48/189 vs 96/455, RR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.15-3.15, P <0.05). Patients with DM receiving inter feron (IFN) -based therapy for CHC infection may be at higher risk for IAR (18/72 vs 60/256, RR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.11-2.20, P <0.05); however, the outcome was not stable . There was no significant difference in IAR risk between genotype-1-infected patients and non-genotype-1-infected patients (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.64-1.87, P> 0.05) .Comparable incidences of IAR also also found Between patients treated with pegylated interferon (PIFN) α-2a and those treated with PIFNα-2b (RR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.56-1.24, P> 0.05) , 95% CI: 0.72-1.50, P> 0.05) .CONCLUSION: Patients with hypertension have a higher risk of retinopathy when receiving IFN-based therapy for CHC.