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在全球各地,财政灾难、允许更大程度的参与以推进民主的压力以及克服官僚制和市场局限的愿望都普遍存在着,这促使政府为满足多样化的社会需求而准许市民社会为基础的组织扮演崭新且更为重要的角色。这一新秩序被描述为从“管理”到“治理”的范式转换。政府让市民社会为基础的组织参与进公共风险管理的需求也是势在必行的,环境灾难、自然灾害以及恐怖行动都对此提供了佐证。本文探究“治理”概念的演变,讨论市民为基础的组织被要求参与公共风险管理时要解决的一些事项或问题。
Globally, widespread financial distress, the pressure to allow greater participation in promoting democracy and the desire to overcome bureaucracy and market constraints have prompted the government to allow civil society-based organizations to meet diverse social needs Play a new and more important role. This new order is described as a paradigm shift from “management ” to “governance ”. It is also imperative for the government to involve civil society-based organizations in public risk management, as evidenced by environmental disasters, natural disasters and terrorist actions. This article explores the evolution of the notion of “governance” and discusses some of the issues or problems to be solved when citizen-based organizations are required to participate in public risk management.