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建立了五轴数控加工刀轨光顺优化模型,改善了线性插补方式下拐角过渡运动中的机床加速度情况。考虑了5个轴加速能力的差异,以轴加速度比,即轴实际达到的最大加速度与其允许最大加速度的比值,来衡量轴的加速度情况,以5个轴加速度比的平方平均数在整体上衡量机床的加速度情况,降低该值可提高机床运动平稳性。采用最短距离线法在初始刀轨的各切触点处建立了刀轴偏航角和俯仰角的可行域,使光顺后的刀轨满足残高和无过切要求。实例表明:该方法可有效光顺五轴数控加工刀轨,改善机床加速度情况,提高机床运动平稳性。
A five-axis numerical control machining tool path optimization model was established to improve the acceleration of the machine tool during the corner transition in the linear interpolation mode. Taking into account the differences in the acceleration capabilities of the five axes, the shaft acceleration is measured as the ratio of the axial acceleration, ie, the ratio of the maximum acceleration actually achieved by the shaft to its maximum allowable acceleration, as measured by the square average of the 5-axis acceleration ratios as a whole Machine acceleration, reduce the value of the machine can improve the smooth movement. The shortest distance line method is used to set up the feasible domain of the yaw angle and pitch angle of the cutter at each contact point of the initial tool path so that the smoother tool path meets the requirements of residual height and no overcutting. The example shows that this method can effectively smooth the five-axis CNC machining tool path, improve the acceleration of the machine tool and improve the smoothness of the machine tool.