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目的对孕12周后的孕妇以及0-5岁儿童进行出生缺陷监测,明确先天性心脏病在出生缺陷中的构成,为今后出生缺陷预防与干预提供科学依据。方法随机选取广东省内3个妇幼服务健全地区的部分街道(镇)作为调查点,调查2011年1月至2014年12月孕12w后的孕妇,记录怀孕出生缺陷儿的情况;调取并记录同期医院相关监测资料;调取同期儿童保健检查资料。分类汇总统计各系统出生缺陷发生情况,重点分析先天性心脏病。结果调查孕12w后孕妇及5岁以内儿童63341人,发现出生缺陷儿2022人,总出生缺陷发生率为319.22/万。先天性心脏病439例,先天性心脏病总发生率69.31/万。以复杂型心脏畸形、室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损以及动脉导管未闭为主。其中孕28w前产前诊断确诊并终止妊娠95例,占先天性心脏病的21.64%。1-5岁儿童动脉导管未闭54例。结论孕28w前的先天性心脏病须纳入流行病学的统计,以便更真实地反映先天性心脏病的发生情况。先天性心脏病的产前诊断率有待进一步提高。需持续监测各种类型先天性心脏病的转归,才能真正反映人群的发生情况。
Objective To monitor the birth defects of pregnant women and children aged 0-5 years after 12 weeks of gestation and to make clear the constitution of birth defects in congenital heart disease so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of birth defects in the future. Methods A total of 3 streets (towns) of maternal and child health services in Guangdong Province were randomly selected as the survey sites. Pregnant women from January 2011 to December 2014 were surveyed and pregnant birth defects were recorded. Hospital-related monitoring data over the same period; retrieve the same period of child health check information. Subtotal statistics of birth defects in various systems, focusing on analysis of congenital heart disease. Results The number of pregnant women and 63341 children within 5 years of age after pregnancy was investigated. There were 2022 birth defects and 319.22 million birth defects. 439 cases of congenital heart disease, the total incidence of congenital heart disease 69.31 / million. Complex heart malformations, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. Among them, prenatal diagnosis was confirmed before 28 weeks and 95 cases were terminated, accounting for 21.64% of congenital heart disease. 54 patients with patent ductus arteriosus 1-5 years old. Conclusions Congenital heart disease before pregnancy should be included in epidemiological statistics in order to more truly reflect the occurrence of congenital heart disease. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease needs to be further improved. Need to continuously monitor the outcome of various types of congenital heart disease in order to truly reflect the crowd’s situation.