目的分析2015年全国血吸虫病疫情监测数据,为进一步控制和消除血吸虫病、开展风险监测等提供科学依据。方法按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案(2014年版)》的要求,在全国所有的血吸虫病流行县(市、区)和三峡库区潜在流行县(市、区)共设立457个国家级监测点,按照不同流行类型对当地常住居民、流动人群、家畜的血吸虫感染情况,以及钉螺分布和感染情况等进行监测,并对监测数据进行汇总、整理和分析。结果 2015年全国457年监测县(市、区)共开展本地常住居民血吸虫血清学筛查共133 350人,发现血检阳性者4 468人,其中4 457名血检阳性者接受了血吸虫病原学检查,发现病原学阳性者71人,主要为中、老年组的渔船民和农民;监测点常住居民总的血吸虫感染率为0.05%。共开展流动人群血清学筛查85 047人,发现血检血吸虫阳性者977人;其中966名血检阳性者接受了血吸虫病原学检查,发现病原学阳性者16人;监测点流动人群总的血吸虫感染率为0.02%;浙江、湖南、湖北省和安徽省在监测点流动人群中发现了输入性血吸虫感染者。2015年所有监测点均无急性血吸虫病病例报告。监测点共检查家畜13 406头,查出血吸虫感染家畜(牛)5头,监测点家畜总的血吸虫感染率为0.04%。监测点共调查各类环境面积22 295.13 hm~2,查出有螺环境面积7 426.63 hm~2;其中新发现钉螺面积3.47 hm~2,分布于江苏省和上海市;在除湖北省和广东省以外的监测点发现了钉螺复现环境82.22 hm~2;所有监测点均未发现感染性钉螺。结论全国血吸虫病监测点常住居民总的血吸虫感染率继续保持稳中有降的态势;流动人群中存在输入性血吸虫感染者。牛仍是主要的血吸虫感染家畜。虽未发现血吸虫感染性钉螺,但钉螺分布仍面广量大,且仍有新发现和复现有螺环境。各地应按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案(2014年版)》的统一要求,进一步完善监测体系,提高监测工作的科学性、敏感性和有效性。 Objective To analyze the data of 2015 national schistosomiasis surveillance and provide scientific evidence for further control and elimination of schistosomiasis and risk monitoring. Methods According to the “National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Program (2014 Edition)”, a total of 457 national-level monitoring sites were set up in all the epidemic counties (cities and districts) in the country and potential epidemic counties (cities and districts) The prevalence of schistosomiasis in resident population, migrant population and domestic animals, as well as distribution and infection of Oncomelania snails were monitored according to different epidemic types. The monitoring data were summarized, collated and analyzed. Results In 2015, a total of 133 350 serological screening of local residents were conducted in monitored counties (cities and districts) in 457 in the country. A total of 4 468 positive blood tests were found, of which 4 457 were positive for schistosomiasis Inspection and found that 71 were etiological positive, mainly in the middle-aged and elderly fishing boat and farmers; resident residents of the monitoring point of the total schistosome infection rate was 0.05%. A total of 85 047 serological screening of floating population were carried out, and 977 were positive for blood tests. Nine of the 966 blood tests were positive for schistosomiasis and 16 were positive for etiology. The total number of schistosomiasis The infection rate was 0.02%. In Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei Province and Anhui Province, those who were infected with imported schistosomiasis were found in the floating population at monitoring sites. No acute schistosomiasis cases were reported at all monitoring sites in 2015. A total of 13 406 domestic animals were inspected at the monitoring site. Five schistosome-infected domestic animals (cattle) were found, and the total infection rate of schistosomiasis in monitoring sites was 0.04%. A total of 22 295.13 hm ~ 2 environmental areas were surveyed in the monitoring sites, with a snail environment area of ​​7 426.63 hm ~ 2. Snail snail area newly found was 3.47 hm ~ 2, distributed in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai City. In Hubei Province and Guangdong Province, Surveillance points outside the province found snail reproduction environment 82.22 hm ~ 2; no infectious snails were found at all monitoring sites. Conclusion The total infection rates of schistosomiasis among residents in schistosomiasis monitoring stations in China remain stable and declining. Infectious schistosomiasis is found in floating population. Cattle are still the major schistosome infection in livestock. Although there is no schistosome infective snail found, snail distribution is still large and large, and there is still new discovery and reproduction of a snail environment. All localities should further improve the monitoring system in accordance with the unified requirements of the “National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Program (2014 Edition)” and improve the scientific, sensitive and effective monitoring.