我国约80%患者发现恶性肿瘤时已是中晚期,而造成患者痛苦、致残、致死的最主要原因是肿瘤并发症。随着肿瘤治疗和维持方法的进步,癌症患者的生存期明显改善,从而也增加了肿瘤急症的发生率。肿瘤急症,是指癌瘤病人在患病过程中,发生的一切危象或严重并发症。这些急症如不及时得到处理,往往会导致严重效果,甚至死亡。各种肿瘤急症大致可分为三类:第一类是构造阻塞性肿瘤急症,因为肿瘤的团块部分或全部压迫到人体的某个器官构造所造成。第二类是代谢性肿瘤急症,因为肿瘤分泌某种荷尔蒙类似物,造成人体代谢失衡所造成。第三类肿瘤急症,它的发生可以说是由治疗引发的。 About 80% of patients in our country have been diagnosed with advanced malignant tumors. The most common cause of pain, disability, and death is cancer complications. With the advancement of methods for the treatment and maintenance of tumors, the survival of cancer patients has improved significantly, which has also increased the incidence of cancer emergencies. Acute oncology refers to all the crisis or serious complications that occur in cancer patients during the course of their illness. If these emergencies are not dealt with in time, they will often lead to serious effects and even death. A variety of oncology emergencies can be roughly divided into three categories: The first type is the construction of obstructive oncological emergencies, because some or all of the tumor’s mass is constricted by an organ structure of the body. The second type is metabolic cancer emergencies because tumors secrete certain hormone analogues and cause metabolic imbalances in the body. The third type of acute disease, its occurrence can be said to be triggered by treatment.