真核藻类作为一类重要的淡水和海洋水生生物与人类和环境有密切关系。在生态学上,藻类作为普通食物链中的原初生产者,在水环境中显得尤为重要,可作为许多水生生物的食物,也可使水域在一定范围内自净。藻类还极有希望成为人类新的食物来源和能源。但藻类的过量繁殖可引起严重的水污染。因此,搞清真核藻类与其寄生物—真核藻类病毒的关系,对维持藻类的生态平衡,控制利用藻类资源意义重大。对真核藻类病毒的深入研究已揭示出这类病毒在自然界的广泛存在。到目前为止,已报道发现的真核藻类病毒或病毒状颗粒(Virus—like particle)至少有44种,但多数仅限于电镜观察。直到病毒裂解性小球藻的发现,才使得对真核藻类病毒的研究提高到一个新水平,也使该领域的研究越来越受到人们的关注,国际上已开展真核藻类病毒研究的国家有美国、日本,德国等,我国在该领域的研究尚属空白。在国内开展真核藻类病毒的研究,首先要深入地调查我国的真核藻类病毒资源,同时可阐明一类新的病毒——寄主关系的分子生物学基础,了解诸如病毒基因组在寄主细胞中的表达调控,为研究高等植物基因的表达调控提供一个适宜的模型。另外,由于已知的真核藻类病毒具有相当大的基因组,可预见其基因产物的数目和功能具有多样性,例如病毒编码的甲? Eukaryotic algae as a class of important freshwater and marine aquatic organisms are closely related to humans and the environment. Ecologically, algae, as primary producers in the general food chain, are particularly important in the aquatic environment, serving as food for many aquatic organisms and also allowing the waters to self-clean within a certain range. Algae are also highly promising as new sources of human food and energy. However, over-breeding of algae can cause serious water pollution. Therefore, to clarify the relationship between eukaryotic algae and its parasite-eukaryotic algal virus is of great significance to maintaining the ecological balance of algae and controlling the utilization of algae resources. In-depth studies of eukaryotic algal viruses have revealed the widespread presence of such viruses in nature. So far, at least 44 kinds of eukaryotic algal or virus-like particles have been reported, but most are limited to electron microscopy. Until the discovery of viral lysed Chlorella, it makes the study of eukaryotic algal virus to a new level, but also make the field of research more and more people’s attention, the international community has carried out eukaryotic virus research in algae There are the United States, Japan, Germany, etc., our country’s research in this area is still blank. To carry out eukaryotic algal virus research in China, we must first investigate our country’s eukaryotic algal virus resources in depth and at the same time elucidate a new molecular basis of virus-host relationships, such as knowledge of viral genomes in host cells Expression and regulation, provide a suitable model for the study of the regulation of plant gene expression. In addition, since known eukaryotic algal viruses have a fairly large genome, the number and function of their gene products can be predicted to be diverse, such as the virally encoded A