目的探讨缺铁性贫血(IDA)患者巨核细胞、血小板变化状况。方法将107例IDA患者与其他贫血组、正常对照组进行血小板、巨核细胞数及巨核细胞分类结果进行比较。结果 IDA患者血小板数与另两组相比较差异均有统计学意义，巨核细胞数与其它贫血组比较差异有统计学意义，产血小板巨核细胞与其它贫血组及正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义，颗粒巨核细胞百分比与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义，裸核巨核细胞百分比与其它贫血组相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 IDA患者血小板数、产血小板巨核细胞百分率高于正常对照及其它贫血组；骨髓巨核细胞数高于其它贫血组；颗粒巨核细胞低于正常对照组；裸核巨细胞低于其它贫血组。血小板、巨核细胞增多尤是产血小板巨核细胞数增多可作为诊断IDA的参考条件。“,” Objective To investigate the changes of megacaryocyte and platelet in patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA). Method The platelet, numbers of megacaryocyte and megakaryocytic classification in 107 cases of IDA patients were compared with other anemia patients and healthy controls. Result The number of platelets in patients with IDA compared with the other two groups were significant differences, the numbers of megacaryocyte compared with other anemia patients were significant differences, platelet-forming megakaryocyte compared with the other two groups showed significant differences, granular megakaryocyte compared with healthy controls were significant differences and the percentage of naked nucleus megakaryocyte compared with other anemia patients showed significant differences. Conclusion The numbers of platelet and the percentage of megacaryocyte in IDA patients were higher than the other two groups, megakaryocyte were higher than other anemia patients, granular megakaryocyte were lower than healthy controls and naked nucleus megakaryocyte were lower than other anemia patients. More platelet and megakaryocyte, in especial the increased platelet-forming megakaryocyte can be used as IDA diagnostic reference condition.