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以响水火山玄武岩石板地和附近非石板地(对照)为试验对象,研究了水稻在子粒灌浆过程中碳氮代谢关键酶活性的变化。结果表明,火山玄武岩石板地子粒可溶性淀粉合成酶活性低于对照,淀粉分支酶活性与对照相比差异不大,而谷氨酰胺合成酶活性大于非石板地。非石板地ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性的峰值出现后5d内仍保持较高水平,而生长在玄武岩石板地上的试材ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性达到峰值后下降速度较对照快。同一生态环境不同氮肥水平下,酶活性的变化也有所不同,在一定程度上,多施氮肥可以抑制ADPG焦磷酸化酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性,但不同品种类型间也有所差异。稻米品质方面,火山玄武岩石板地其糙米率、整精米率、胶稠度、蛋白质及食味评分等指标均高于对照,直链淀粉含量则低于对照,而垩白米率、垩白度指标高于对照。
The changes of key enzyme activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in grain filling were studied with Xiangshui volcanic basalts and near non-slate (control). The results showed that the activity of soluble starch synthase in volcanic basalts was lower than that of the control, and the activities of the starch branching enzymes were not significantly different from those of the control, but the activity of glutamine synthetase was greater than that of the non-slate. Non-slate ADPG pyrophosphorylase activity peaked within 5d after the emergence of a high level, while the growth of basalt plate in the test material ADPG pyrophosphorylase peak reached a decline faster than the control. Under the same ecological environment and different levels of nitrogenous fertilizer, the changes of enzyme activities were also different. To a certain extent, more nitrogenous fertilizer could inhibit the activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase and glutamine synthetase, but there were also differences among different types of nitrogen fertilizer. In terms of rice quality, the indexes of brown rice rate, whole milled rice rate, gel consistency, protein and taste score of volcanic basalts were higher than those of the control and amylose content was lower than that of the control, while the chalkiness rice rate and chalkiness index were higher than Control.