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(北京:华艺出版社,2005年版)契丹民族在中国历史上建立过辽朝,它在较短的时间内从部落氏族社会过渡形成奴隶制度社会,并在向封建社会跃进的同时统治了中国北部,密切了各民族人民之间的联系,促进了融合。同时,它在世界历史上也扮演着重要的角色,由于契丹的名声远扬,国外有些民族语言比如在俄语中,至今仍然把中国称作Kитай(Kitay),就是来自契丹。在文化上,契丹人依照汉字形体创造了两种类型不同的文字:契丹大字和契丹小字。契丹文字使用了好几百年,但因通读不易,没能深入民间,加之终辽一代书禁极为苛严,随着辽朝的灭亡和契丹民族的解体,契丹文字也逐渐被遗忘和失传,但在失传数百年之后突然于20世纪陆续出土。“出土之初无人能识,至今犹破译甚微,解读这种死文字,号称绝学”(刘凤翥2005)。中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所的刘凤翥研究员是研究此绝学的第一人,他在继承前人研究成果的基础上,积数十年之勤,历经千辛万苦寻访、传拓碑刻,终于使这一死文字部分复活,成为我国民族古文字学中绚丽的奇葩(孔德骐2006)。
(Beijing: Huayi Press, 2005) The Khitan nation established the Liao Dynasty in Chinese history. It transitioned from a tribal clan society to a slavery society in a relatively short period of time and ruled China while leaping to the feudal society The north has closely linked the peoples of all ethnic groups and promoted integration. At the same time, it also plays an important role in the history of the world. Due to the popularity of Khitan, some ethnic languages in other countries, such as Russian, still refer to China as Kитай (Kitay) and Khitan. Culturally, the Khitan people created two types of different characters according to the Chinese character: the Khitan characters and Khitan characters. The Qidan language was used for hundreds of years. However, it was not easy to read through the books and did not penetrate into the private sector. In addition, since the end of the Liao Dynasty was extremely harsh, with the demise of the Liao Dynasty and the dissolution of the Khitan nation, the Qidan language was gradually forgotten and lost. However, Hundreds of years after the sudden disappearance of one after another in the 20th century. “No one can know the beginning of the unearthed, so far still undecided translation, interpretation of this dead word, known as must ” (Liu Fengyuan 2005). Liu Fengyuan, a researcher at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, is the first person to study this study. On the basis of his predecessors’ research achievements, after decades of hard work, , Finally resurrected the dead text part and became a wonderful flower in ancient Chinese writing science (Kongde Qi 2006).