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采用计算和实验相结合的方法,初步研究了电热除冰过程中的热力耦合特性及其对冰层的影响。在电加热条件下,耦合外部气动力载荷的作用,采用有限元方法计算了不同热流密度下表面冰层和蒙皮间界面法向和切向应力的分布,比较了加热/不加热条件下界面法向和切向应力分布的差别,研究了冰层最大主应力随热流密度的变化规律。研究发现,电加热条件下,在表面冰层融化前,热力耦合特性将造成冰层内部应力的显著增加,从而造成冰层局部区域的破裂,加速冰层的破坏。同时,设计的原理性实验结果验证了热力耦合特性对冰层的破坏影响。研究结果对于电热除冰理论和除冰技术的发展有现实意义。
By means of the combination of calculation and experiment, the thermodynamic coupling characteristics and its influence on the ice layer during electrothermal deicing are preliminarily studied. Under the condition of electric heating, the distribution of normal and tangential stress at the interface between the ice layer and the skin under different heat flux density was calculated by the finite element method under the coupling of external aerodynamic loads. The interface under heating / unheated condition The difference of normal and tangential stress distributions is studied. The variation law of the maximum principal stress with the heat flux is studied. The results show that under the condition of electric heating, the thermal coupling property will significantly increase the internal stress of the ice before the surface ice melts, resulting in the rupture of the ice layer and accelerating the destruction of the ice layer. At the same time, the design of the experimental results verify the thermal coupling characteristics of the ice damage. The research results have practical significance for the development of electrothermal deicing and deicing technology.