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盾构是土质隧道(洞)全断面开挖的高效、环保、安全、优质的地下工程施工机械,在国内城市地铁建设中已被广泛应用。盾构的始发掘进是盾构施工的关键技术之一,通过对盾构正常掘进和始发掘进的分析,引用土力学的基本原理,建立土压平衡盾构在这两种掘进模式下的力学模型,给出了土压平衡盾构在这两种掘进模式下的阻滞力矩计算公式,并对盾构正常掘进模式下阻滞力矩的构成和作用进行了分析。研究结果表明,正常掘进模式下,洞壁产生的阻滞力矩足以克服盾构刀盘刀具切削土体产生的反扭矩;而盾构在始发掘进时,必须在其托垫与其盾壳间采取防扭转措施。以在施工的某土压平衡盾构隧道工程为例,对所建立的公式进行了应用研究,取得了良好效果,可为土压平衡盾构的设计和应用提供参考。
Shield is an efficient, environmentally friendly, safe and high quality underground construction machine for earth tunnel (tunnel) full-face excavation. It has been widely used in the construction of metro in domestic cities. The initial excavation of shield is one of the key technologies in shield tunnel construction. Through the analysis of normal tunneling and initial excavation, the basic principle of soil mechanics is referenced and the earth pressure balance shield is established in the two tunneling modes Mechanics model, the calculation formula of retarding moment of earth pressure balance shield in these two kinds of driving modes is given, and the composition and function of retarding moment under normal driving mode of shield are analyzed. The results show that under normal tunneling mode, the retarding moment generated by the tunnel wall is enough to overcome the anti-torque produced by the shield cutting tool cutting the soil; and the shield must be taken between its support pad and its shield shell Anti-rotation measures. Taking an earth pressure balance shield tunnel construction as an example, the established formulas are applied and studied, and good results are obtained, which can provide reference for the design and application of earth pressure balance shield.