在现代汉语里“N+上”是一个常用的方位词短语。其中N为名词或名词性短语。“上”为单纯方位词。这种“N+上”的短语有三种类型。例如: 一组:楼上住的都是些有钱的人家。窗台上放着几盆花。二组:他谈了自己在教育工作上的几点体会。在教学实习中他很努力,思想上也有较大的提高。学生的主要任务是学习。大量的思想问题也反映在学习上。三组:他十八岁上来到了这座城市。在这节骨眼上他又打退堂鼓了。从以上三组例句中我们可以看到,单纯方位词“上”在不同的名词或名词性短语后面所表示的语义不同。第一组:N+上表示具体的处所。第二组:N+上表示范围、方面等。 In modern Chinese, “N + 上” is a commonly used directional phrase. Where N is a noun or noun phrase. “On” as a simple place word. There are three types of phrases on this “N +”. For example: a group: upstairs are all rich people. On the windowsill stood a few potted flowers. Group II: He talked about his own experience in education. He worked very hard in teaching practice and made great improvements in his thinking. The main task of students is to learn. A large number of ideological problems are also reflected in the study. Three groups: He came to the city at the age of eighteen. At this juncture he again beat back. As we can see from the above three sets of example sentences, the semantics of the simple directional word “上” after different nouns or noun phrases are different. The first group: N + on the specific premises. The second group: N + on the scope, aspects and so on.