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分析水轮机能量损失的构成,定义了流道水力损失和撞击损失两种新的能量损失,并将水轮机内部能量损失分解为4种类型,定义相应的损失系数.给出了各项损失的表达式或特征描述以及损失系数的率定方法,进而建立了包含内部能量损失特性的水轮机力矩计算模型.利用所建立的模型可计算提取水力机组旋转的机械摩擦损失功率,解决了机械摩擦损失无法测量的困难;撞击损失的定义对空载损失过大的现象给出了合理的解释.采用额定工况下的特征参数来定义一组折算系数,将水轮机力矩模型中的参数转化为便于测量的参数,并进一步转化为关于主接力器位移的单变量函数,使得所导出的力矩模型应用方便.最后以电站实测效率试验数据对本文提出的方法进行了验证,结果表明,本文提出的方法能较好的反映水轮机内部损失特性,计算结果与实测数据吻合较好,精度高.
The paper analyzes the constitution of energy loss of turbine, defines two new energy losses of hydraulic loss and impact loss, and decomposes the internal energy loss into four types and defines the corresponding loss coefficient. The expressions of various losses are given Or characteristic description and the loss coefficient of the rate set method, and then built a hydraulic turbine torque calculation model containing the internal energy loss characteristics of the use of the established model can calculate the hydraulic power unit rotating extraction of mechanical friction loss power to solve the mechanical friction loss can not be measured The definition of impact loss gives a reasonable explanation for the phenomenon that the load loss is too large.Using the characteristic parameters under rated conditions to define a set of conversion coefficients and transform the parameters in the turbine torque model into the parameters for measurement, And further transformed into a univariate function on the displacement of the main relay so that the derived torque model can be conveniently applied.Finally, the method proposed in this paper is validated by the experimental data of power plant efficiency test. The results show that the proposed method can be better Reflecting the internal loss characteristics of the turbine. The calculation results are in good agreement with the measured data and the precision is high.