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目的了解北京铁路沿线小食堂食品安全管理现状,探讨符合实际的管理方法,提高食品安全管理水平。方法查阅北京铁路沿线小食堂主管部门食品安全管理档案,现场检查小食堂50个,填写调查表格。结果北京铁路沿线小食堂共有381个,分别属于负责维护基础线路、信号、桥梁等的工务段、电务段、车务段、供电段、大型机械维修段等部门。小食堂面积以8~20 m2的居多。管理分为2种方式,一种为家庭厨房式,共有184个,每个食堂就餐人数3~7人,无专职炊事员,职工轮流做饭;一种为工地食堂式,共有197个,每个食堂就餐人数8~39人,有一二名专兼职炊事员。现场检查结果显示,在基础设施方面,有26个小食堂与外界直接相通的门无防鼠板,有17个防蝇纱门、纱窗破损,13个排风扇处无网罩;有29个水池不足3个,有7个没有库房;在卫生管理方面,有36个不能出示炊事员卫生知识培训记录,有31个不能出示内部管理检查记录,有27个食品采购索证索票及台账记录不合格,有12个生熟用具混用。结论北京铁路沿线小食堂卫生设施及管理不达标,必须采取有效措施,降低发生食源性疾患的危险。
Objective To understand the status quo of food safety management in small canteens along the Beijing railway line and explore practical management methods to improve the food safety management level. Methods To inspect the food safety management files of the canteens along the Beijing Railway, check 50 canteens and fill in the survey form. Results A total of 381 small canteens along the Beijing railway belonged to the ministries and commissions, the electricity service section, the service section, the power supply section and the large mechanical maintenance section which were responsible for the maintenance of basic lines, signals and bridges. Small canteen area to 8 ~ 20 m2 mostly. Management is divided into 2 ways, one for the family kitchen style, a total of 184, the number of each canteen dining 3 to 7 people, no full-time cooks, employees take turns to cook; one for the site canteen style, a total of 197, each A canteen dining 8 to 39 people, there are one or two part-time staff cooks. On-site inspection showed that there were 26 no-can mice in the cafeteria with direct access to the outside world, 17 fly screens, damaged screens and no net cover at 13 fans; there were not enough basins 3, there are 7 no warehouse; in health management, there are 36 can not produce training records of knowledge of health workers, there are 31 can not produce internal management inspection records, there are 27 food procurement claims tickets and accounting records do not Qualified, there are 12 raw and cooked utensils mix. Conclusion The hygienic facilities and management of canteens along the Beijing railway line are not up to standard. Effective measures must be taken to reduce the risk of foodborne illness.