论文部分内容阅读
目的 研究5岁以下儿童因肺炎死亡的主要因素.方法 采用家长问卷的方式调查1994～1995年北京市5岁以下儿童因肺炎死亡的全部病例.结果221例肺炎死亡病例中,医疗因素占67%,社会因素占33%.新生儿死亡占全部死亡的63.8%,新生儿吸入性肺炎占新生儿死亡的61.0%.结论 加强各级医院产、儿科新生儿窒息复苏和儿童肺炎的急救是目前降低儿童肺炎死亡的关键.5岁以下儿童死亡率是衡量国家社会经济发展的重要指标之一.为了达到2000年将婴儿死亡率和5岁以下儿童死亡率分别降低1/3的目标,北京市自1992年起在全市范围内对5岁以下儿童开展生命监测.目前婴儿和5岁以下儿童死亡率已有所下降,但5岁以下儿童第一位死因仍是肺炎,尤其在农村地区,肺炎死亡构成接近1/5.为了减少儿童可避免性的死亡,进一步降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,我们对北京市0～4岁儿童肺炎死亡病例进行回顾性调查,以期了解影响儿童肺炎死亡的因素,寻找降低儿童死亡的综合措施.
Objective To investigate the main causes of death from pneumonia in children under 5 years old.Methods Parents questionnaire was used to investigate all cases of pneumonia death in children under 5 years old in Beijing from 1994 to 1995. Results Among the 221 cases of pneumonia deaths, , Social factors accounted for 33% of neonatal deaths accounted for 63.8% of total deaths, neonatal aspiration pneumonia accounted for 61.0% of neonatal death.Conclusions To strengthen the hospitals at all levels, pediatric neonatal asphyxia recovery and children’s pneumonia is the first aid to reduce The key to the death of childhood pneumonia, the death rate of children under 5 years old is one of the most important indicators to measure the social and economic development of the country.In order to achieve the target of reducing the infant mortality rate and the child mortality rate under one-third respectively by 2000, Life-monitoring of children under the age of 5 has been carried out throughout the city since 1992. Infant and under-5 mortality rates have declined, but pneumonia is still the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age, especially in rural areas Constitute close to 1 / 5. In order to reduce the avoidable death of children, to further reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age, we in Beijing 0 to 4-year-old children with pneumonia were killed Survey in order to understand the factors that influence childhood pneumonia deaths, looking for comprehensive measures to reduce child mortality.