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本文通过应用一种在玻璃上刻蚀的地层孔隙微模型进行凝胶封堵试验，观察油水通过凝胶封堵的孔隙介质和裂缝的方式以及残余油和孔隙介质润湿性对凝胶封堵能力的影响，对聚合物凝胶处理的机理进行研究。研究结果表明，凝胶的堵水能力大大高于堵油能力。原因在于油相穿过凝胶主要是从孔道中部指进，通过沿途带走一些凝胶碎片和凝胶内的部分水份而使凝胶收缩，油相流动通道增大，流动阻力降低。盐水穿过凝胶时则趋于进入凝胶结构内部使凝胶膨胀，使水相流动通道缩小，流动阻力增加。
In this paper, a gel plugging test was carried out by using a pore micro-model etched on glass to observe the way oil-water penetrated through the gel-plugged pore media and cracks and the effect of residual oil and pore media wettability on gel plugging Ability to study the mechanism of polymer gel treatment. The results show that the ability of the gel to block water is much higher than that of the oil. The reason is that the oil phase passes through the gel mainly from the middle of the channel, and the gel is shrunk by taking some gel fragments and part of the moisture inside the gel along the way, the oil phase flow channel increases and the flow resistance decreases. When the brine passes through the gel, it tends to enter the interior of the gel structure to expand the gel, reducing the flow path of the aqueous phase and increasing the flow resistance.