家庭代际功能关系是由义务和责任履行、权利享有、需求交换和情感沟通所组成的体系。社会转型之下,亲代对子代的教育义务增大,子代赡养亲代义务减轻;高龄和生活不能自理父母对子女尚有照料依赖。随着独生子女一代的长大,女儿在代际功能关系中的作用提高,甚至具有不可替代性;人口预期寿命提高,直系成员存世代数增加,4代存世家庭大幅度上升,可能加大子代的照料负担。整体看子代“回馈”亲代的功能下降,直接影响育龄夫妇的生育行为。子代代际功能关系履行降低有社会福利制度的替代、客观条件制约的作用,也有主观意识弱化的因素,还有约束性制度环境欠缺的问题。政府和社会组织应推动适应现代社会要求的新的代际功能关系的建立。 Intergenerational family function is a system composed of obligation and responsibility fulfillment, right enjoyment, demand exchange and emotional communication. Under the social transformation, the obligation of parents to educate their offspring will be increased, their offspring’s obligation of supporting their parents will be lessened, and their elders and their families will not be able to take care of themselves. With the growth of the one-child generation, the role of daughters in intergenerational functions is even more irreplaceable. The life expectancy of the population has increased, the number of surviving members of the immediate family has increased, the number of surviving families has risen dramatically in four generations, Generational care burden. As a whole to see the offspring “feedback ” the function of the parents on the decline, a direct impact on the reproductive behavior of couples of childbearing age. Subgenerational intergenerational functional relationship to reduce the performance of the social welfare system to replace the objective conditions of the role of constraints, there are subjective factors of weakening, as well as the constraints of the institutional environment is not enough. The government and social organizations should promote the establishment of a new intergenerational functional relationship that meets the requirements of modern society.