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目的 :评价眼压不对称性在 40岁以上人群横断面研究中的发生率及其与原发性开角型青光眼 (primaryopen angleglaucoma ,POAG)的关系。方法 :在参加北京城乡限定区域人群眼流行病学调查的 4451例 (40～ 10 1岁 )受试者中 ,在散瞳前用非接触式眼压计测量双眼眼压。眼压不对称性的定义是双眼之间的眼压差别≥ 3mmHg。POAG诊断根据为存在典型的青光眼性视神经、视野改变及前房角开放。结果 :眼压被可靠测量者 43 89例。右眼压平均 (16 0 3± 3 2 5)mmHg ,左眼压平均 (16 0 8± 3 17)mmHg。总人群的不对称性眼压发生率为 2 0 0 1% (878/ 43 89) ,且随着年龄的增长而增大 ,在 40～ 49岁年龄组不对称性眼压的发生率为 18 4% ,而在 70岁以上年龄组达 2 6 6% (P =0 0 0 0 )。此外 ,不对称性眼压的发生率随着眼压水平 (以双眼的眼压较高眼为准 )增大而增高 ,在眼压≤ 16mmHg的受试者不对称性眼压发生率 9 7% ,17～ 2 1mmHg者 2 6 1% ,大于 2 1mmHg者 50 7% (χ2 检验 ,Ρ =0 0 0 0 )。在POAG患者不对称性眼压者占 3 5 4% ,正常人则占 18 2 % (P =0 0 0 0 )。结论 :在 40岁以上的人群中 ,无论其眼压水平如何 ,眼压不对称性是POAG的一个非常重要的危险因素
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of intraocular pressure asymmetry in cross-sectional studies over the age of 40 and its relationship with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: From 4451 subjects (40 to 101 years old) who participated in the eye epidemiology survey of urban and rural areas in Beijing, the intraocular pressure was measured by non-contact tonometer before mydriasis. Intraocular pressure asymmetry is defined as the intraocular pressure difference between eyes ≥ 3mmHg. POAG diagnosis based on the presence of a typical glaucomatous optic nerve, visual field changes and open angle of the anterior chamber. RESULTS: Intraocular pressure was reliably measured in 43 of 89 patients. The mean IOP was (16 0 3 ± 3 2 5) mmHg, and the IOP was (16 0 8 ± 3 17) mmHg. Asymmetry in the general population The incidence of intraocular pressure was 2.0% (878/43 89), and increased with age, the incidence of asymmetric intraocular pressure in the age group of 40 to 49 years was 18 4%, while in the age group of 70 years and older up to 26 6% (P = 0 0 0 0). In addition, the incidence of asymmetric intraocular pressure with the intraocular pressure level (with higher intraocular pressure of both eyes) prevalence increased in subjects with intraocular pressure ≤ 16mmHg asymmetry intraocular pressure incidence of 97% , 17 ~ 2 1mmHg 2 6 1%, more than 2 1mmHg 50 7% (χ2 test, P = 0 0 0 0). Ocular intraocular pressure in patients with asymmetric POAG accounted for 34.4%, while 18.2% of normal (P = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: IOP asymmetry is a very important risk factor for POAG in people over the age of 40 irrespective of intraocular pressure