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[目的]了解急性农药中毒的发生规律及诊疗现状,为防治农药中毒工作提供针对性的科学依据。[方法]收集某县人民医院2002～2007年收治的急性农药中毒病例,根据住院病人病历中关键字段内容建立数据库,摘录有关内容并进行分析。[结果]某县人民医院6年间共收治急性农药中毒住院病人551例,病死率为5.8%。有机磷类农药是引起中毒和致死的主要原因,口服有机磷农药自杀的病死率高达15.6%。发现非生产性农药中毒者中毒后1小时内送入医院治疗的比例,只有43.5%;生产性农药中毒只有9.4%。转院来的病人以口服农药自杀者为主,其住院时间长于直接入院的病人;非生产性农药中毒病人的住院时间长于生产性农药中毒的病人。症状缓解后即出院的病人占42.7%。[结论]非生产性农药中毒是临床上治疗的重点;有机磷农药仍然是引起中毒的主要种类。病人及家属对急性农药中毒后的救治紧迫性和病程变化缺乏正确的认识。
[Objective] To understand the occurrence and diagnosis and treatment of acute pesticide poisoning and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. [Methods] Acute pesticide poisoning cases collected from a county people’s hospital from 2002 to 2007 were collected. According to the key field contents of inpatients’ medical records, a database was established, and the relevant contents were extracted and analyzed. [Results] A total of 551 inpatients with acute pesticide poisoning were admitted to a county people’s hospital in 6 years with a case fatality rate of 5.8%. Organophosphorus pesticides are the main cause of poisoning and death. The mortality of oral organophosphorus pesticides suicide is as high as 15.6%. Found that non-productive pesticide poisoning within 1 hour after hospitalization into the hospital, only 43.5%; productive pesticide poisoning only 9.4%. Patients transferred to the hospital mainly oral suicide pesticides, hospitalization longer than the direct admission of patients; unproductive pesticide poisoning hospitalization longer than productive pesticide poisoning patients. 42.7% of patients discharged after symptom relief. [Conclusion] Nonproductive pesticide poisoning is the focus of clinical treatment. Organophosphorus pesticide is still the main species causing poisoning. Patients and their families do not have a correct understanding of the urgency and course of disease after acute pesticide poisoning.