“鸟鼠同穴”是历代典籍所记载的地理文化名词,在我国文化史上具有重要的地位。该词所指称的山岳确切地理位置目前已不可考,所论及的“鸟”与“鼠”实际上种类繁多,甚而“名”“实”两差,其“鼠”多为“兔(鼠兔)”。结合文献资料和现代科学考察,还可知此类现象不过是自然界的偶发现象。历代沿袭的错误认识是古人在缺乏现代科学认知背景下的误读与误解。 “Bird and mouse with the hole ” is the geographical and cultural terms recorded in ancient books, in the history of Chinese culture has an important position. The precise geographical location of the mountain to which the term refers is currently unfeasible. In fact, the “bird” and the “rat” actually have a wide range of variations, even the “name” and “real” “Mouse ” mostly “rabbit (rabbit rabbit) ”. Combined with the literature and modern scientific investigation, we can see that such phenomena are but occasional phenomena in nature. The erroneous understanding inherited from one generation to another is the misunderstanding and misunderstanding of the ancients in the absence of modern scientific cognition.