目的　观察新生儿脐血单个核细胞 (CBMC) Th1/Th2的功能状态及黄芪 (AM)对新生儿 CBMC Th1/Th2功能平衡的影响。　方法　对 2 4例足月新生儿 CBMC体外分别经植物血凝素(PHA- P)和 PHA- P+AM刺激 (分为新生儿 PHA组和 AM组各 2 4例 ) ,培养 4 8h,用 EL ISA法检测培养上清液中白细胞介素 4 (IL - 4 )和γ干扰素 (IFN -γ)含量。以 15例正常儿童外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)为对照 (分为儿童 PHA组和 AM组各 15例 )。　结果　新生儿 PHA组 IFN-γ、IL - 4水平显著低于儿童 PHA组 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,IFN -γ/IL - 4比值也明显低于儿童 PHA组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,与儿童比较呈现低水平的 Th2相对优势状态。新生儿 AM组 IFN -γ、IL - 4水平显著高于新生儿 PHA组 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,其中以 IFN-γ变化明显 ,IFN-γ/IL - 4比值明显高于 PHA组 (P<0 .0 5 )。儿童 AM组 IFN-γ水平较儿童 PHA组明显增高 (P<0 .0 1) ,IL - 4水平较 PHA组无明显变化 (P>0 .0 5 )。新生儿 AM组IFN-γ和 IL - 4水平明显高于儿童 PHA组 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,IFN-γ/IL - 4比值明显高于儿童 PHA组(P<0 .0 5 )。新生儿 AM组 IL - 4水平明显高于儿童 AM组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,两组 IFN-γ水平差异无显著性(P>0 .0 5 ) ,IFN-γ/IL - 4比值明显低于儿童 AM组 (P<0 .0 1)? Objective To observe the functional status of Th1/Th2 in umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) of neonates and the effect of jaundice (AM) on Th1/Th2 function balance of neonatal CBMCs. Methods Twenty-four full-term neonate CBMCs were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P) and PHA-P+AM (into neonatal PHA group and AM group, respectively, 24 cases) and cultured for 48 hours. EL ISA method was used to detect the levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) in the culture supernatant. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 15 normal children were used as controls (15 in children PHA and 15 in AM). Results The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in neonates PHA group were significantly lower than those in children PHA group (P<0.01), and the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was also significantly lower than that in children PHA group (P<0.00). 5) shows low levels of Th2 relative predominance compared with children. The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the neonatal AM group were significantly higher than those in the PHA neonatal group (P<0.01), of which IFN-γ was significantly changed, and the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was significantly higher than that of the PHA group. (P<0.05). The level of IFN-γ in the AM group was significantly higher than that in the PHA group (P<0.01), and the level of IL-4 was not significantly different from that in the PHA group (P>0.05). The level of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the neonatal AM group was significantly higher than that in the children PHA group (P<0.01), and the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was significantly higher than that in the children PHA group (P<0.05). . The level of IL-4 in neonatal AM group was significantly higher than that in AM group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IFN-γ levels between the two groups (P>0.05). IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio Significantly lower than the child AM group (P < 0.01)?