1953年Palade在电镜下发现血管内皮细胞表面有一些细颈瓶状的内陷结构,2年后Yamada在膀胱上皮细胞表面发现同类结构,并正式命名为小窝(caveolae)。50多年来,随着现代细胞技术的发展,科研工作者可以分离、纯化caveolae,并通过基因敲除或siRNA干扰技术对其标志蛋白小窝蛋白(caveo-lin)进行干扰,极大地扩展了对caveolae/caveolin结构和功能的认识。研究表明,caveolae/caveolin广泛分布于机体内,影响 In 1953, under the electron microscope, Palade found some jacketed invaginations on the surface of vascular endothelial cells. Two years later, Yamada found a similar structure on the surface of bladder epithelial cells and formally named caveolae. For more than 50 years, with the advent of modern cellular technologies, researchers have been able to separate and purify caveolae and interfere with its caveolin by knockout or siRNA interference, caveolae / caveolin structure and function of understanding. Studies have shown that caveolae / caveolin is widely distributed in the body, affecting