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印度的金属矿产资源十分丰富,研究印度现在的矿产资源情况以及未来的资源需求的战略意义十分重大。文章重点研究了印度的煤矿开采历史和现状、煤炭资源的类型和储量分类以及矿业开采面临的一些问题和挑战。研究表明:印度共有资源种类89种,其中包括4种燃料矿物,11种金属矿物,52种非金属矿物和22种微量矿物。印度的煤炭总储量为2 460亿t,为世界第三大的煤炭生产国,印度煤炭的85%来自露天开采,15%来自井下开采。除煤炭以外,印度的重晶石、铬铁矿、滑石矿、铁矿石、锰矿、原钢、铝土矿、菱镁矿和钻石矿的储量均比较丰富。
India’s metal mineral resources are very rich, the study of India’s current mineral resources and future resource needs of strategic significance is very significant. The article focuses on the history and current status of coal mining in India, the types and reserves of coal resources, and some problems and challenges in mining. The research shows that there are 89 kinds of resources in India, including 4 kinds of fuel minerals, 11 kinds of metal minerals, 52 kinds of non-metallic minerals and 22 kinds of trace minerals. India’s total coal reserves of 246 billion tons, the world’s third largest coal producer, 85% of India’s coal from open-pit mining, 15% from underground mining. In addition to coal, barren, chromite, talc, iron ore, manganese ore, raw steel, bauxite, magnesite and diamond mines in India are abundant reserves.