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【目的】探讨父母小组培训对注意缺陷多动障碍(attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童家庭干预的研究,以促进ADHD规范治疗的作用。【方法】2006年3月~2007年1月期间初次诊断为ADHD的儿童280名,随机分为干预组146名和对照组134名。干预组家长参加父母小组培训班之后进行药物治疗;对照组未接受培训直接进行药物治疗。入组时及治疗1个月时分别评估两组家长对ADHD的认识及教育方式,比较前后变化,并比较两组之间使用药物治疗人数及药物治疗者中坚持随访2~12个月的人数。【结果】干预组的药物治疗率(50.7%)明显高于对照组(33.6%),(P<0.01);在两组接受药物治疗者中,干预组的随访率(60.8%)也明显高于对照组(33.3%),(P<0.01)。家长干预前对ADHD的认识普遍较低,参加培训后对ADHD有了正确的认识,教育方式有所改进,并认为该方式对自己有帮助。对照组家长对ADHD的认识、教育方式前后比较差异无显著性。【结论】通过对门诊ADHD儿童家长进行培训,可以改善家长对ADHD的认知,使行为治疗基本策略走进家庭,提高药物治疗的依从性及长期随访率,从而促进对ADHD儿童的规范治疗;同时这样的培训模式促进了医患沟通和互动,家长易于接受,值得推广。
【Objective】 To investigate the effects of parental training on family intervention in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to promote the standard treatment of ADHD. 【Methods】 Two hundred and eighty children were newly diagnosed as ADHD from March 2006 to January 2007, and randomly divided into intervention group (n = 146) and control group (n = 134). The intervention group parents took part in the parent group training courses after the drug treatment; the control group did not receive training directly to the drug treatment. At the time of enrollment and at 1 month of treatment, the cognition and educational methods of ADHD in both groups were evaluated and compared before and after treatment. The number of patients treated with drugs and the number of patients insisting on follow-up for 2 to 12 months . 【Results】 The medication rate (50.7%) in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (33.6%) (P <0.01). The follow-up rate (60.8%) in the intervention group was also significantly higher In the control group (33.3%), (P <0.01). Pre-interventional knowledge about ADHD is generally low, ADHD is correctly recognized after attending training, education is improved, and it is considered helpful. Control group parents of ADHD awareness, education before and after the comparison was no significant difference. 【Conclusion】 The training of parents of outpatients with ADHD can improve parents’ cognition of ADHD, make the basic strategy of behavioral therapy go into the family, improve the compliance of drug treatment and long-term follow-up rate so as to promote the standard treatment of children with ADHD. At the same time such training mode to promote communication and interaction between doctors and patients, parents are easy to accept, it is worth promoting.