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目的比较某院2014年与2015年医院感染现患率数据,制定医院感染防控措施,减少医院感染率。方法采取查看电子病历和床旁调查相结合的方式,于2014年6月4日、2015年6月16日对所有住院患者进行调查,填写统一的调查表,用Excel 2007和SPSS 18.0对数据进行统计分析。结果 2014年、2015年医院感染率分别为4.51%、3.21%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.246,P=0.134);重症监护病房、神经外科、骨科等科室感染率连续2年居于前5位;感染部位以下呼吸道为主;2次调查共检出64株病原菌,G-菌占76.6%;抗菌药物使用率为34.05%、33.33%,使用目的以治疗为主,治疗用药送检率为68.06%、59.73%,差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.114、3.311,P>0.05)。结论该院医院感染现患率处于全国平均水平,高于四川省平均水平,应加强重点科室、重点部位医院感染监测与防控,合理使用抗菌药物,进一步降低医院感染率。
Objective To compare the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in a hospital between 2014 and 2015 and to develop prevention and control measures for nosocomial infections to reduce the nosocomial infection rate. Methods By means of a combination of electronic medical records and bedside surveys, all inpatients were surveyed on June 4, 2014 and June 16, 2015. The questionnaires were filled in and a questionnaire was completed with Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0 Statistical Analysis. Results The rates of hospital infection in 2014 and 2015 were 4.51% and 3.21% respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 2.246, P = 0.134). The infection rates in intensive care unit, neurosurgery, orthopedics and other departments ranked the top 5 for 2 consecutive years The following respiratory tract was the main site of infection. Sixty-four pathogenic bacteria were detected in the two surveys, accounting for 76.6% of G-bacteria. The antibacterials utilization rate was 34.05% and 33.33% respectively. 68.06% and 59.73%, respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.114,3.311, P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infections in this hospital is at the national average level, which is higher than the average level in Sichuan Province. Monitoring and prevention and control of nosocomial infections in key departments and key hospitals should be strengthened. Antimicrobial agents should be used reasonably to further reduce the nosocomial infection rate.