县域竞争与财政联邦是研究中国发展的重要理论成果,但是这一地方视角归根结底是要关注地方政府的行为,而地方干部则是地方政府行为背后真正的动力源。文章认为,中央政策(例如“社会主义新农村建设”)在地方层面上有效执行,突破口在于地方干部行为和政策执行之间的关系。文章引入了一种新的分析框架,考察地方政府在政策执行过程中的群体行为和战略能动性,把县乡干部 County competition and fiscal federation are important theoretical achievements in the study of China’s development. However, this local perspective is ultimately concerned with the behavior of local governments, while local cadres are the real motive force behind the behavior of local governments. The article argues that the central policies (for example, “building a new socialist countryside”) are effectively implemented at the local level, and the breakthrough lies in the relationship between local cadre behavior and policy implementation. The article introduced a new analytical framework to examine the local government in the policy implementation process of group behavior and strategic initiative, the county and township cadres