高白细胞急性髓系白血病(hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia,HAML)属于血液科的危重症,其病情进展迅速,早期死亡率高,预后差。治疗的关键在于尽快降低外周血白细胞负荷,以接受诱导化疗,如处理得当,仍可达到缓解并能获得长期生存。目前治疗性血细胞分离和小剂量化疗是HAML诱导化疗前降白细胞治疗比较公认的治疗 Hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia (HAML) is a critical disease of hematology. The disease progresses rapidly with high early mortality and poor prognosis. The key is to reduce the treatment of peripheral white blood cells as soon as possible to receive induction chemotherapy, if properly managed, can still achieve remission and long-term survival. The current treatment of blood cell isolation and low-dose chemotherapy is HAML-induced chemotherapy before treatment of leukocytosis more recognized treatment