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秦都城中的手工业与商业是都城中的重要组成部分,特别是到战国时期以后更为明显。关于秦雍城以前都城中的手工业和商业情况缺乏文献和考古资料。但到了雍城以后,城中的手工业与商业情况已经发生了重要的变化,已经有官营和私营的区别了。尽管中国古代的统治者大多实行的是“重农抑商”政策,但是手工业和商业仍然在不断得到发展,官营的作坊当然是由王室控制的,私营的作坊则是小型的私营手工业。私营手工业是春秋晚期以后随着土地私有制的确立才发展起来的,但直到西汉,官营手工业所占比重仍很大。
Handicrafts and commerce in the capital city of Qin City are all important components of the capital city, especially after the Warring States period. There was a lack of documentation and archaeological materials on the handicraft and business conditions in the capital before the city of Yong. However, after Yongcheng, the city’s handicraft industry and business conditions have undergone major changes, and there have been official and private differences. Although most of the rulers in ancient China practiced the policy of “focusing on agriculture and suppressing trade,” handicrafts and commerce are still under continuous development. Of course, the government-run workshops are controlled by the royal family and the private workshops are small-scale private handicraftsmen . Private handicrafts developed with the establishment of private ownership of land after the Spring and Autumn Period, but until the Western Han Dynasty, the share of handicrafts by the government remained high.