衬在心脏、血管及毛细血管里面的内皮细胞,不仅在止血和控制组织-血液交换中有极其重要的作用,而且在机体防卫机制中有重要的屏障作用。此外,它在机体的代谢和控制血管平滑肌张力方面也起关键性作用。在许多血管性疾病中,例如糖尿病、原发性肺动脉高压症、低氧性肺动脉高压症、血栓形成、急性肾功能衰竭、动脉粥样硬化、动脉痉挛、抗原-抗体(过敏性)疾病及循环休克等的形成和发展,内皮细胞损害占有重要地位。因此不能将血管内皮细胞仅仅看作是血 Endothelial cells lining the heart, blood vessels and capillaries play an important role not only in hemostasis and in controlling tissue-blood exchange, but also in the body’s defense mechanisms. In addition, it plays a key role in the body’s metabolism and in controlling vascular smooth muscle tone. In many vascular diseases, such as diabetes, primary pulmonary hypertension, hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, thrombosis, acute renal failure, atherosclerosis, arterial spasm, antigen-antibody (allergic) diseases and circulation Shock and other formation and development, endothelial cell damage occupies an important position. Therefore, vascular endothelial cells can not be considered as blood only