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目的了解某甲醇厂职业病危害因素状况,对存在职业危害因素的岗位或工种提出控制措施。方法对该厂5个粉尘作业点进行总粉尘浓度检测,对24个工段中33个岗位的和工种进行噪声检测,对18个工段中的21个岗位或工种进行空气中一氧化碳、氨和甲醇浓度检测,按国家有关标准进行检测评价。结果变换车间煤炉上料操作工、脱碳车间上料处作业工人接触粉尘总尘浓度不符合国家职业卫生限值标准。噪声检测最大声强为113.0 dB(A),最小声强为68.6 dB(A),平均87.2 dB(A),其中16个岗位或工种不合格,合格率48.5%。一氧化碳、氨和甲醇浓度检测结果显示接触氨和甲醇浓度岗位或工种均符合国家标准职业卫生限值,接触一氧化碳浓度岗位或工种除压缩车间、造气车间不符合国家职业卫生限值外,其余所测岗位作业工人接触一氧化碳浓度均符合国家职业卫生限值。结论某甲醇厂作业岗位或工种对粉尘、噪声和毒物的控制措施还不完善,部分岗位或工种职业病危害因素检测结果不合格,应改善作业环境,加强个人防护,保护劳动者健康。
Objective To understand the status of occupational hazards in a methanol plant and to put forward control measures for occupations or occupations where occupational hazards exist. Methods The total dust concentration of 5 dust work sites in this plant was tested. Noise was detected in 33 workplaces in 24 sections, and air, carbon monoxide, ammonia and methanol concentrations were measured in 21 work stations or work sections in 18 sections. Testing, testing and evaluation according to relevant national standards. The results change workshop coal furnace operator, decarburization workshop material handling workers dust concentration does not meet the national occupational health standards. The maximum sound intensity of noise detection was 113.0 dB (A), the minimum sound intensity was 68.6 dB (A), an average of 87.2 dB (A), of which 16 were unqualified for job or work, and the pass rate was 48.5%. Carbon monoxide, ammonia and methanol concentration test results show that exposure to ammonia and methanol concentration positions or types of work are in line with national standards of occupational health, exposure to carbon monoxide concentration positions or types of work in addition to compression workshop, gas production plant does not meet the national occupational health limits, the rest of the Measured post-exposure workers exposure to carbon monoxide concentrations are in line with national occupational health limits. Conclusion The control measures of dust, noise and poisons in a job or job of a methanol plant are not yet perfect. The test results of occupational disease hazards in some jobs or occupations are unqualified. The working environment should be improved and personal protection should be strengthened to protect workers’ health.