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用扫描隧道显微镜研究了真空蒸镀在高定向热解石墨上金岛的形成和形状.随着蒸镀量的增加及时间的推移,金原子在表面通过扩散而逐渐合并成越来越大的原子团,以至岛,甚至岛群.虽然几个纳米大小的原子团仍十分可动,但在蒸镀量大于20单层时的岛或岛群已十分稳定.研究发现,同一蒸镀量下,各个金岛具有非常接近的宽度和高度,用薄膜成核的圆柱状模型计算岛的宽度与高度之比表明,金岛非常接近热力学平衡状态.这些形状各异的通过生长而自组装形成的纳米尺度金岛可用来进行介观物理的研究
The formation and shape of gold islands on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite by vacuum evaporation were investigated by scanning tunneling microscope. With the increase of evaporation amount and the passage of time, gold atoms gradually merge into larger and larger atomic groups on the surface by diffusion, and even islands and even island groups. Although several nano-sized clusters are still very mobile, the island or island group has been very stable at evaporation thicknesses of more than 20 monolayers. The results show that the width and height of gold islands are very close to each other at the same deposition rate. The ratio of the width and height of the islands calculated by the thin film nucleated cylindrical model shows that the gold island is very close to the thermodynamic equilibrium. Nanoscale gold islands, which are self-assembled by growth and have different shapes, can be used to study mesoscopic physics