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通过在山区农田中设置生态型沟渠及衬砌硬化渠道,测定不同沟渠类型旁土壤的理化性质,分析沟渠类型与土壤性质之间的关系。结果表明,生态型渠道增加了土壤剖面下层的黏粒含量;促进了土壤中>0.25mm水稳性团聚体(WR0.25)的形成,且土壤稳定入渗速率与WR0.25含量达到极显著正相关(R=0.925 1**),生态型沟渠提高了土壤入渗能力;同时,生态型沟渠也提高了土壤剖面层次中土壤含水量、有机质、全氮、碱解氮的含量;而对土壤速效钾、速效磷含量没有显著效果。可见,生态型沟渠改善了土壤结构、土壤肥力,提高了土壤入渗性能,促进了山区农田生态环境的改善。
By setting ecological ditches and lining hardened channels in farmland of mountainous area, the physicochemical properties of soil beside different ditches were determined, and the relationship between ditches and soil properties was analyzed. The results showed that the ecological channels increased the clay content in the lower soil profile, promoted the formation of> 0.25 mm water stable aggregates (WR0.25) in the soil, and the soil infiltration rate and WR0.25 content reached extremely significant (R = 0.925 1 **). The ecological ditches improved the soil infiltration capacity. Meanwhile, the ecological ditches also increased the contents of soil moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the soil profile; Soil available potassium, available phosphorus content has no significant effect. It can be seen that the ecological ditches improve soil structure and soil fertility, improve soil infiltration performance and promote the improvement of farmland ecological environment in mountainous areas.