完成句子题型中非谓语动词易混点比较

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   在英语中,不能做谓语而是具有其他语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括to do(动词不定式),doing(现在分词或动名词)和done(过去分词)三种形式。它们在句中可做多种成分,像主语、宾语、补足语、表语、状语、定语等。它是一个系统性、综合性很强的语言点,也是高考命题中的热点。在新题型完成句子的练习中,同学们往往稍不留意就会出错,笔者现把同学们中易混易错的例句总结如下,供同学们查缺补漏。
   一、作状语
  1.__________the tower(从顶上看), our town looks more beautiful.(see)
  2. _________the tower (从顶上看), we find our town more beautiful.(see)
  3. __________the tower (为了看), he drove two hours from a mountainous village. (see)
   二、作定语
  4. The sports meet__________(举行) nextweek is of great importance.(hold)
  5. The sports meet________(正在举行) is very important.(hold)
  6. The sports meet__________(上星期举行) is of great importance.(hold)
   三、 作补足语
  7. It’s wrong of you to leave_________. (让机器一直开着). (run)
  8. The guests left__________(大部分菜没有动) because they didn’t taste delicious. (touch)
  9. He left, leaving me__________. (去做剩余的所有工作) (do)
  10. We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems __________(有待解决).(settle)
   四、 with复合结构
  11. With the assistants __________(正在处理) a lot of difficult problems, the newly- elected president can be interviewed. (settle)
  12. With a lot of difficult problems_________(要处理), the newly-elected president ishaving a hard time. (settle)
  13. With a lot of difficult problems ____________(已处理), the newly-elected president is having a good time. (settle)
   五、 独立主格结构
  14. ____________(没有公共汽车), we had to walk home last night.(be)
  15. Everything ________(通盘考虑), his attempt is not likely to turn out to be a success.(take)
  16. The teacher__________(将帮助我们), we will surely pass the final exam. (help)
   六、 插入语
  17. ___________(假若健康情况良好的话), I hope to finish the work this year. (give)
  18. ___________(根据他的话判断), he did well in his exam. (judge)
  19. ___________(说实话), I am not familiar with this skill. (tell)
   七、 同义表达
  20. Twenty passengers were killed in the accident,_________(包括三名儿童). (include)
  21. The window needs__________. (需要清洗) (clean)
  22. This place is worthy__________(值得参观).(visit)
  
  【答案及解析】
   1. Seen from the top of(后半句的主语是our town,故应用seen表被动关系)
   2. Seeing from the top of (后半句的主
  语是we,故应用seeing表主动关系)
   3. To see (表目的)
   4. to be held(由next week可知The sports meet将要被举行)
   5. being held now (“正在举行”表动作的进行时及被动)
   6. held last week(由“上周举行”可知动作的完成被动性)
   7. the machine running(“一直开着”表明了动作的主动及正在进行性)
   8. most of the dishes untouched(“菜没有动”表被动及完成性)
   9. to do all the remaining work(“我将去做”可见表主动及将来性)
   10. to be settled(“问题有待解决”表动作的被动及将来性)
   11. settling(助手在处理,表动作的主动进行性)
   12. to settle(由a hard time可见新任总统将要处理难题)
   13. settled(由a good time可见,难题已被新任总统处理好了,settled表完成被动性)
   14. There being no bus (后句中“不得不步行”说明现在正没车,应用现在分词表主动伴随性)
   15. taken into consideration / account (事情被考虑,故用过去分词表动作的被动)
   16. to help us(由后半句可见,老师将会帮助我们,故用不定式表将来性)
   17. Given good health (give是以被动形式出现的一个介词,表“假若”,用作插入语)
   18. Judging from / by his words / what he said (judging常用作现在分词作插入语)
   19. To tell (you) the truth(作插入语时常用不定式)
   20. including three children / three children included(固定同义表达)
   21. cleaning / to be cleaned(固定同义表达)
   22. to be visited / of a visit / of being visited (固定同义表达)
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