1906年,清延发布预备立宪诏令,以张謇、汤寿潜为首的江浙绅商在上海成立预备立宪公会。其先两人就曾致信张之洞和袁世凯,详述立宪之必要;张謇还曾将印好的《日本宪法》等书分送达官贵人。此后成立的各省谘议局中,商人拥有很大的发言权,如广东谘议局94名议员中,至少有24人拥有或直接经营商铺。由于商人在地方谘议局中势力庞大,预算和税收权成为最受关注的议题。1910年,清廷拒绝召开国会,张謇等人策 In 1906, Qing Yan issued a constitutional edict that Jiangsu and Zhejiang merchants headed by Zhang Xun and Tang Shouqian set up a preparatory constitutional convention in Shanghai. The first two of them sent a letter to Zhang Zhidong and Yuan Shikai detailing the need for constitutional amendment. Zhang Xun also distributed printed books such as the “Japanese Constitution” to VIPs. Among the provincial councils established since then, the businessmen have a great voice. For instance, of the 94 members of the Guangdong Provincial Advisory Committee, at least 24 people own or run shops directly. Due to the huge power of businessmen in the local council, budget and tax rights have become the topics of greatest concern. In 1910, the Qing court refused to hold a parliament, Zhang Jian and others