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在我国,养老保险在社会保险制度乃至整个社会保障制度中占有特别重要的地位。目前,我国养老保险体系由三根支柱所支撑:一是国家强制的基本养老保险,二是企业和职工自愿建立的企业年金,三是依个人能力而定的个人储蓄性养老保险,包括个人有劳动能力时积累的现金、房产、证券、股票和商业寿险等。但主要还在于第一、二支柱。本文将就这两个方面的特点和问题作一简要概括,并提出相应建议。
In China, pension insurance occupies a particularly important position in the social insurance system and even in the entire social security system. At present, China’s pension insurance system is supported by three pillars: one is state-mandated basic endowment insurance; the other is enterprise annuity voluntarily established by enterprises and workers; and the third is personal savings pension insurance based on individual capabilities, including individual-owned labor Ability to accumulate cash, real estate, securities, stocks and commercial life insurance. But mainly lies in the first and second pillars. This article will give a brief summary of the characteristics and problems of these two aspects and make corresponding suggestions.