目的：评价置入自膨式食管支架缓解因恶性食管狭窄引起的咽下困难的安全性和效果。方法：３６例恶性食管狭窄患者放置了自膨式金属支架，所有患者均表现为明显的咽下困难，支架置入前后行食管造影对比观察。全部操作均在Ｘ线监视下进行。结果：所有患者支架位置放置正常，无操作失误和与操作有关的并发症发生，支架置入后咽下困难立即得到明显缓解。３６例中３５例可以进正常饮食，１例进半流食。结论：自膨式支架治疗恶性食管狭窄安全，操作简单，疗效确实。食管肿瘤的生长可能引起食管再狭窄。 Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of self-expanding esophageal stents in relieving dysphagia caused by malignant esophageal strictures. Methods: 36 patients with malignant esophageal stenosis were placed with self-expanding metal stents. All patients showed obvious dysphagia. Esophagogram contrast was observed before and after stent placement. All operations are performed under X-ray monitoring. RESULTS: All patients had normal stent placement, no operational errors, and operational complications. Dysphagia was relieved immediately after stent placement. Thirty-five of the 36 cases were allowed to enter normal diet, and one case was given semi-liquid food. Conclusion: Self-expanding stents are safe, simple and effective in the treatment of malignant esophageal stenosis. The growth of esophageal tumors may cause esophageal restenosis.