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目的评价甘肃省实施大学生乙肝疫苗接种与乙肝知识健康教育项目的效果。方法采用分层整群抽样法,在项目实施前后,分别抽取甘肃省7所大学在校大学生,问卷调查乙肝疫苗接种状况、乙肝防治知识知晓状况、对乙肝态度等,分析比较项目实施前后乙肝疫苗接种率、乙肝防治知识知晓率和对乙肝态度的变化。结果经过查漏补种,甘肃省在校大学生乙肝疫苗全程接种率从27.95%上升到97.14%;通过健康教育,大学生对乙肝主要传染途径的知晓率从31.35%提高到了68.18%(P<0.001),其他知识的回答正确率从63.92%～85.05%提高到84.32%～90.73%(均P<0.001);认为乙肝是一种严重疾病的比例从74.77%上升到88.42%(P<0.001);尽量回避与乙肝病毒携带者交往的比例从8.69%下降到1.82%,不介意与其共同进餐的比例从29.27%上升到64.57%(均P<0.001)。结论通过实施专题项目干预,甘肃省在校大学生乙肝疫苗全程接种率、乙肝防治基本知识知晓率有明显提高,大学生对乙肝病毒携带者恐惧或歧视心理明显改善。
Objective To evaluate the effect of implementing hepatitis B vaccination and hepatitis B knowledge health education among college students in Gansu Province. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. Before and after the implementation of the project, seven undergraduates in Gansu Province were enrolled. Questionnaire survey on hepatitis B vaccination status, awareness of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge and attitude towards hepatitis B were conducted. Inoculation rate, awareness of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and hepatitis B attitude changes. Results After vaccination and vaccination, the whole vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine among college students in Gansu province increased from 27.95% to 97.14%. Through health education, the awareness rate of college students on the main routes of hepatitis B infection increased from 31.35% to 68.18% (P <0.001) , And the correct rate of answering other knowledge increased from 63.92% to 85.05% to 84.32% to 90.73% (all P <0.001). The proportion of those who considered hepatitis B as a serious disease increased from 74.77% to 88.42% (P <0.001) The percentage of avoidance of contacts with hepatitis B virus carriers dropped from 8.69% to 1.82%, and the proportion who did not mind eating with them increased from 29.27% to 64.57% (both P <0.001). Conclusion Through the implementation of the special project intervention, Gansu Province, college students hepatitis B vaccination coverage, awareness of basic knowledge of hepatitis B prevention significantly improved, college students with hepatitis B virus carriers fear or discrimination significantly improved.