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目的 了解河北农村甲型肝炎 (甲肝 )在非流行期与流行期的流行强度、流行规律。方法 在正定的A乡 ,于 1990～ 1992年连续 3次普查 1985～ 1989年间出生的儿童甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV)的流行率 ,以及各年龄组HAV易感者的新感染率 (非流行期 ) ;对正定的B乡 ,于 1992年末对 1987～ 1991年出生的儿童普查HAV感染率。 3个月后 ,该乡发生甲肝流行 ,对流行期甲肝的流行特点进行了调查。结果 正定农村 1～ 8岁儿童HAV感染率从约 4%随年龄上升到约 90 % ;非流行期各年龄儿童易感者的HAV感染率为 7 3 %～ 33 3% ,年度间有波动。流行期HAV新感染率极高 ,除 1～岁组为 36 8%稍低外 ,其余均在 5 8 9%～ 81 1%之间 ,且无组间差异。儿童感染HAV以隐性过程为主 ,年龄较大者 ,呈现显性过程者所占比例亦高。结论 甲型肝炎在正定农村呈地方性流行 ,甲肝流行无须外来传染源的介入。流行期HAV在一定范围内迅速广泛传播。所以 ,我国北方农村儿童需要甲肝疫苗的保护。安全有效的甲肝疫苗会使我们比较容易地控制农村HAV的流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence and prevalence of hepatitis A (NH) in non-endemic and epidemic areas of Hebei province. Methods The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in children born from 1985 to 1989 and the new infection rate of HAV susceptible persons in each age group in non-endemic period ); For positive B Township, HAV infection rates were examined for children born in 1987-1991 at the end of 1992. Three months later, the township of hepatitis A epidemic occurred during the epidemic of hepatitis A were investigated. Results Positive HAV infection rate in rural children aged 1 ~ 8 years increased from about 4% to about 90%. In non-epidemic period, the prevalence of HAV infection in susceptible children was 73% -333%, with annual fluctuations. The prevalence of HAV during the epidemic was extremely high, with the exception of slightly lower rates of 368% in the 1-year-old group, with the remaining between 589% and 81 1%, with no difference between groups. Children infected with HAV to recessive process-based, older, showing a dominant proportion of the process is also high. Conclusion Hepatitis A endemic in positive rural areas, hepatitis A epidemic without external sources of intervention. Popularity of HAV within a certain range of rapid widespread. Therefore, rural children in northern China need the protection of hepatitis A vaccine. A safe and effective hepatitis A vaccine will make it easier for us to control the prevalence of rural HAV.