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人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-Ⅱ类基因与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)的发生密切相关。在白种人中,Graves病的发病率与HLA-DQA_1＊0501呈正相关,Graves病合并浸润性突眼患者中DRB_3＊0101/＊0202杂合子显著升高,他巴唑致Graves病合并白细胞缺乏与DRB_1＊08032和DRB_1＊1501呈正相关桥本甲状腺炎(HT)与DQA_1＊0301和DQB_1＊0201呈正相关;而DQB_1＊0602与Graves病和HT均呈负相关。HLA-Ⅱ类基因对AITD具有遗传易感和保护双重作用。
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -Ⅱgene is closely related to the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). In Caucasians, the incidence of Graves’ disease was positively correlated with HLA-DQA_1 * 0501. The DRB_3 * 0101 / * 0202 heterozygote was significantly increased in patients with Graves’ disease and with infiltrating exophthalmos. Metabazole was associated with Graves’ disease with leukocytosis There was a positive correlation between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and DQA_1 * 0301 and DQB_1 * 0201, while there was a negative correlation between DQB_1 * 0602 and Graves’ disease and HT. HLA-Ⅱ genes have a genetic predisposition to AITD and protect the dual role.