论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨影响出院后低出生体重儿远期神经行为发育的相关影响因素。方法:选择2010年5月到2013年5月在上饶市人民医院出生的44例低出生体重儿作为研究组,另选同期的211例健康足月新生儿作为对照组,采用贝莉量表分别在低出生体重儿纠正胎龄起和健康足月新生儿出生后12个月和24个月时测定他们的智能发育指数(MDI)和心理运动发育指数(PDI)。自制调查问卷,问卷内容包括新生儿的姓名、性别、胎龄、出生时体重、父母文化水平、每日睡眠时间、主要喂养方式、家庭经济状况、服用药物、早期教育等。结果:研究组在12和24个月时MDI评分和PDI评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析和多因素分析显示,与MDI发育相关因素有胎龄、出生时体重、父母文化水平、每日睡眠时间、家庭经济状况、服用药物、早期教育。与PDI发育相关因素有出生时体质量、父亲文化程度、每日睡眠时间、主要喂养方式、家庭经济状况、服用药物、早期教育。结论:出院低出生体重儿在12和24个月时神经行为发育程度低于健康足月新生儿,出院低出生体重儿远期神经行为发育受家庭经济状况、早期教育等多方面因素影响。
Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of long-term neurobehavioral development in low birth weight infants after discharge. Methods: Forty-four low birth weight infants born in Shangrao Municipal People’s Hospital from May 2010 to May 2013 were selected as the research group, 211 healthy full-term newborns of the same period were selected as the control group, Their mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) were measured at 12 months and 24 months after birth from a correction of gestational age for low birth weight children and healthy full term newborns. Self-made questionnaire, the questionnaire includes the name of the newborn, sex, gestational age, birth weight, parental level of education, daily sleep time, the main feeding methods, family economics, taking drugs, early education. Results: The MDI score and PDI score of the study group were lower than those of the control group at 12 and 24 months (all P <0.05). Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with the development of MDI were gestational age, birth weight, parental literacy, daily sleep time, family economic status, taking medication and early education. PDI development-related factors such as birth weight, father’s education level, daily sleep time, the main feeding method, family economic status, taking drugs, early education. Conclusions: The neurobehavioral development of low birth weight infants discharged at 12 and 24 months is lower than that of healthy full-term newborns, and the long-term discharge of low birth weight infants is affected by many factors such as family economic status and early education.