美国内战以后，在其西部崛起的“牧牛王国”成为百余年来众多史学家极为关注的“热门”课题。加之诸多宣传媒体的渲染，“牧牛王国”历史已颇为人熟知。相比之下，同期在西部兴起的“牧羊帝国”尽管其疆域不亚于“牧牛王国”，但其发展的历史却被忽略了。笔者认为，“牧羊... After the U.S. civil war, the “cowherd kingdom” that emerged in the west of China became the “hot topic” that many historians are greatly concerned about in more than a century. Coupled with the rendering of many promotional media, “Cowherd’s kingdom” history is quite well-known. In contrast, the “Shepherd Empire” rising in the west during the same period despite its scope is no different from the “cowherd kingdom”, but its history has been neglected. In my opinion, "shepherd ...