从故障诊断技术的角度总结机车柴油机主轴承磨损振动的一般规律,提出采用横拉螺栓横向振动信号来监测、诊断主轴承磨损故障的思路和方法,阐明了主轴承系统振动的基本特征,对主轴承正常与故障运用状态振动信号的特征进行了分析讨论.现场数十台机车柴油机实测分析结果表明,利用主轴承横拉螺栓振动信号对主轴承磨损故障进行诊断的方法是有效、可行的.“,”Based on the technique of vibration fault diagnosis, this paper tries to summarize vibration rules of main bearing for diesel engine. A new fault diagnosis method has been putforward, wear fault of main bearing can be monitored and diagnosed by measuring and analysing vibration signals of the across bolt. The basic vibration characteristics of the main axletree system are revealed. The author analyses the characteristics of the vibration signals on the across bolt under different conditions and reach the conclusion that it is feasible to diagnose the fault of main bearing.