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目的在云南省部分血吸虫病流行区开展重点水域哨鼠监测,以提升血吸虫病监测系统的敏感性、完善监测预警机制。方法选择3个疫情较重县(市)的6个自然村作为监测点,开展重点水域哨鼠预警监测。对回收饲养后成活的哨鼠进行解剖观察,检测血清抗体水平,并观察监测点人畜疫水接触情况。此外,收集近3年来监测点疫情资料并进行分析。结果共投放哨鼠282只,回收256只,死亡8只,总回收率90.78%,总死亡率3.13%。有虫卵肉芽肿结节的哨鼠数、检获成虫数、虫荷数,以及血清抗体阳性率均为0。接触疫水人员主要为村民和学生,接触方式主要为收种作物和戏水。近3年来,监测点钉螺面积、人群感染率和耕牛感染率均呈下降趋势。结论云南省3个监测县(市)均未发现血吸虫感染阳性哨鼠,人畜感染血吸虫的风险较低。但加强重点水域的哨鼠预警监测,继续落实以传染源控制为主的综合防治措施,仍应是今后血防工作的重点。
Objective To carry out the monitoring of sentinel mice in the endemic areas of schistosomiasis endemic areas in Yunnan Province so as to enhance the sensitivity of the monitoring system of schistosomiasis and improve the monitoring and warning mechanism. Methods Six natural villages with three counties (cities) were selected as monitoring points to carry out early warning and monitoring of sentinel rats in key waters. The recovered sentient sentient ejaculation rats were dissected to observe the level of serum antibody, and observe the monitoring point of contact between human and animal epidemic water. In addition, the past three years to collect data and monitoring point epidemic analysis. Results A total of 282 rats were sent out, 256 were recovered and 8 died. The total recovery was 90.78% and the total mortality was 3.13%. The number of sentinel mice, the number of seized adults, the number of insect worms and the positive rate of serum antibody were all 0 in eggs with granuloma nodules. The main workers exposed to the epidemic were villagers and students. The main ways of contact were receiving crops and playing water. In the past 3 years, snail area, population infection rate and cattle infection rate showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion No Schistosoma japonicum infection was found in the three monitoring counties (cities) in Yunnan Province, and the risk of schistosomiasis infection in humans and animals was low. However, strengthening the early warning and monitoring of sentinel mice in key waters and continuing to implement integrated prevention and control measures based on the control of source of infection should remain the focus of future blood and air defense work.